Heel lifts. Stuart Hershman, MD, is a board-certified spine surgeon. The pain of a calf strain is often described as a sudden sharp or tearing sensation. When wearing them, your calf won’t stretch as much, easing pain. Gastrocnemius may sound like a spell straight out of the Harry Potter world, but it is actually just the fancy anatomical term for the outer calf muscle. In particular, the musculotendinous junction (MTJ), where the tendon joins the muscle belly is a very common point to be injured. The severity will also affect how long it takes to heal. It is an overuse injury which is more common in runners and sprinters. With calf muscle tears, the muscles of the Achilles complex are most likely to be damaged. A tear in the deep surface of gastrocnemius may be seen as a disruption in contour and echogenicity of muscle fibers. Ice. Friction massage may help decrease adhesions.. A muscle strain occurs when the muscle is stretched too far, which causes tears to occur within the muscle. Findings include: 1. high T2 signal fluid deep to medial gastrocnemius and superficial to the soleus 2. a focal area of disruption of m… Injuries can also happen in everyday life in physically demanding activities. A torn gastrocnemius muscle is a severe injury to the back of the calf area of the leg. This injury can happen if you make a sudden quick movement that overstretches the muscle. Gastrocnemius Tear The gastrocnemius muscle, commonly referred to as the calf muscle, is responsible for “jumping off” or acceleration movements. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Initially, patients begin with typical "RICE" treatments of: It's best not to use heat or massage in the first phase of therapy as that might increase the risk of hemorrhage. Dealing with joint pain can cause major disruptions to your day. Please see our Fairview Patients’ Bill of Rights or HealthEast Patients' Bill of Rights. " The gastrocnemius muscle crosses the knee joint and the ankle joint, flexing the foot and the leg. A calf strain occurs when the muscle in the back of the leg sustains this type of injury. The tear of gastrocnemius muscle medial head and myotendinous junction associated with a large intramuscular hematoma measuring about 8*10*18 cm and marked subcutaneous edematous changes Abnormal intrasubstance increased fluid signal along with gastrocnemius muscle lateral head and myotendinous junction due to partial thickness tear Strengthening and stretching exercises. Read our, Medically reviewed by Jonathan Cluett, MD. If the name has you thinking about your gastrointestinal tract, there is a great reason for that as gastrocnemius has some … A medial gastrocnemius strain (MGS) is a specific type of injury to the calf muscle in the back of the leg. The symptoms of a medial gastrocnemius strain include:. Proximal partial gastrocnemius-soleus muscle tear. Medicina (Kaunas). An injury to this muscle is sometimes called “tennis leg.”. muscle at the back of the lower leg , and the Soleus muscle, which . Often referred to as the calf muscle, it is located behind the tibia (shin bone) and works across both the knee and ankle joints. The calf is made of three major muscles, the medial and lateral gastrocnemius and the soleus muscle. By using Verywell Health, you accept our. An injury to this muscle is sometimes called “tennis leg.” This mode of treatment is considered safe and can be used up to eight times in a day until the swelling is … Localized to musculotendinous junction. Summary: This case demonstrates the importance of epidemiology, clinical assessment, and the use of diagnostic ultrasound and MRI imaging in the diagnosis of a tear of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle. All rights reserved. Muscle attaches to bone via tendon. 1-855-FAIRVIEW (1-855-324-7843) Medically reviewed by Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT, Medically reviewed by Anita C. Chandrasekaran, MD, MPH, Medically reviewed by Stuart Hershman, MD, Medically reviewed by Mohamad Hassan, PT, DPT, Medically reviewed by Richard N. Fogoros, MD, Verywell Health uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience. Calf Muscle Tear Although it is extremely painful, calf muscle tears occur often, especially to men ages 40 to 60. Persons with hearing or speech disabilities may contact us via their preferred Telecommunication Relay Service. Other symptoms include: Problems walking or putting weight on the injured leg. A gastrocnemius muscle tear is a severe, sudden injury to your calf muscle. Injury to the calf muscle can occur during athletic activities. Tennis leg is a condition where there the plantaris muscle and/or the medial head of the gastrocnemius (calf muscle) is torn or ruptured. Calf injuries are commonly seen in sports such as running, soccer, and tennis, and they can even be called "tennis leg. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Your doctor will listen to your report of the injury and do a physical examination. Medically reviewed by Eva Umoh Asomugha, M.D. Most common and in the 30-50 age range, these injuries can be surprisingly uncomfortable. It is also known as a calf strain or gastroc strain. A muscle strain occurs when the muscle is stretched too far, which causes tears to occur within the muscle. At the time of injury, you may hear a popping sound or feel a tearing sensation in your calf. This muscle helps flex the lower leg. A torn calf muscle, also known as a calf strain or pulled calf, is a common and often painful injury. Pathophysiology. Usually this injury occurs during a sports or exercise activity when pushing off suddenly during a sprint or jump. These are placed inside your shoes. Treatment depends on how severe the muscle tear is. A gastrocnemius muscle tear is a severe, sudden injury to your calf muscle. This is often referred to as ‘Tennis leg’ because it was so common in Tennis players. The gastrocnemius is the muscle in the calf that it is most common to strain. doi:10.3390/medicina55050185, Dixon JB. Always follow your healthcare professional's instructions. If you speak another language, assistance services are available to you free of charge. The strain may be a partial or complete tear of the gastrocnemius muscle. Gastrocnemius vs. soleus strain: how to differentiate and deal with calf muscle injuries. MRI or diagnostic ultrasound may be needed to best diagnose the location and degree of the injury. J Can Chiropr Assoc. muscle fibers, reflective of its function in rapid locomotion such as jumping and running6,7. Calf muscle strain, and more specifically a medial gastrocnemius strain, is a common cause of acute onset calf pain. Gastrocnemius. Discrimination is Against the Law. Either of these two muscles can be strained (torn). Such movements include jumping or quickly changing direction. Is Your Calf Muscle Pain Just a Strain or Something Else? All rights reserved. This muscle helps flex the lower leg. Medial Gastrocnemius Strain Overview and Treatment, Ⓒ 2020 About, Inc. (Dotdash) — All rights reserved, Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. © 2000-2020 The StayWell Company, LLC. Because the gastrocnemius muscle spans two joints, the injury typically occurs during full extension of the knee with simultaneous forced dorsiflexion of the ankle, which implies sudden and maximal overstretching of the gastrocnemius. Also located behind the knee, the gastrocnemius is larger than the soleus. These muscles can be injured if they get overstretched. Injury to the calf muscle can occur during athletic activities. It attaches externally above the knee and travels down the calf posteriorly and inserts into the heel bone. Compression sleeve. 2019;55(5). It also helps you do quick movements, such as jumping and sprinting. Make sure the setting is on low and that you don’t fall … The application of an ice pack or cold compress right after an injury to the gastrocnemius muscle will help reduce the pain and inflammation. It also helps you do quick movements, such as jumping and sprinting. 800 Township Line Road, Yardley, PA 19067. Sign up and learn how to better take care of your body. You may think you’ve just been hit in the leg and potentially hear a “pop.” There is sudden pain at the back of the calf. Middle-aged athletes with tight calf muscles taking part in physical activity are commonly affected by this injury; however, Call your healthcare provider right away if you have any of these: Fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, or as directed by your provider, Pain that gets worse despite pain medicine and rest, Symptoms that don’t get better, or get worse. Nsitem V. Diagnosis and rehabilitation of gastrocnemius muscle tear: A case report. Certain exercises can help you regain strength and flexibility in your calf. The gastrocnemius muscle is one of the calf muscles (triceps surae) in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg which sits superficial to the much larger soleus muscle.It gives the calf its distinctive two-headed appearance and is a primary plantar flexor. If a deep venous thrombosis is suspected, a Doppler ultrasound may be done. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) might also be used. SUMMARY This case demonstrates the importance of epidemiology, clinical assessment, and the use of diagnostic ultrasound and MRI imaging in the diagnosis of a tear of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle. While treatment is almost always accomplished with simple rest and activity modifications, the impact on one's life can be significant. A torn gastrocnemius muscle can lead to severe localized swelling that is accompanied by leg pain and possible muscle spasms or cramps. Forced push-off (jumping) IV. You can repeat the process... Heat pads. The plantaris muscle is a slender muscle located at the posterior side of the lower leg. Putting ice on the injured area may ease swelling. Most common and in the 30-50-year-old age range, these injuries can be surprisingly uncomfortable. 24/7 appointment scheduling: doi:10.1136/bmj.4.5996.552, Pitsillides A, Stasinopoulos D. Cyriax friction massage-suggestions for improvements. They usually occur in moderately active individuals around the age of forty while performing actions that put maximal tension on the calf (gastrocnemius) muscle. We do not discriminate against, exclude or treat people differently because of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, gender or gender identity. They are the soleus and gastrocnemius. You may need to wear one of these to decrease swelling and help prevent blood clots in your injured leg. Find out about the causes, symptoms and available treatments. It extends from the base of the femur (thigh bone) behind the knee, to the calcaneus (heel bone). A torn plantaristendon may also be identified. Treatment of a medial gastrocnemius strain can usually be accomplished with simple steps. At 9-month follow-up post injury, there was no residual impairment in the gastrocnemius muscle function. Propping up your calf slightly above the level of your heart may lessen swelling. 1975;4(5996):552–554. Elevation. A calf strain occurs when the muscle in the back of the leg sustains this type of injury. Gastrocnemius, which is the big . We comply with applicable Federal civil rights laws and Minnesota laws. Sports Health. Your healthcare provider may fit you with one of these devices to help you move with less pain. Ultrasound demonstrates fluid deep to medial gastrocnemius and superficial to the soleus muscle, most prominent at the level of the myotendinous junction. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound diagnosis of calf injuries. The calf muscle will often be tender to touch at the point of injury and swelling and bruising may appear within hours or days. An excessive strain can tear this tissue so that any strength imparted by cohesion of the muscle fibers is lost. 2009;2(2):74-77. doi:10.1007/s12178-009-9045-8. He specializes in spinal deformity and complex spinal reconstruction. A medial gastrocnemius strain (MGS) is a specific type of injury to the calf muscle in the back of the leg. is a smaller muscle lower down in th e leg and under the . Once the earliest phases of treatment have completed, patients can begin therapeutic activities and gentle stretching. Avoid walking or other activities that cause pain. Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine. INJURY . Sudden changes in direction when running can overstretch the muscle and lead to a tear, especially in the position where you are flexing the ankle and extending the knee at the same time. In: StatPearls. Exercising too much or not warming up properly can weaken the gastrocnemius muscle. The most commonly injured muscle when a calf strain occurs is an injury to the medial gastrocnemius muscle. A calf strain is caused by a tearing of part of the gastrocnemius or soleus . Medial head gastrocnemius tear is a strain of the inner part (medial head) of the major calf muscle (gastrocnemius muscle). While treatment is almost always accomplished with si… Walking boot or crutches. Treatments may include: Rest. Br Med J. Commonly seen in Tennis (Tennis Leg) Running on hill. Typical recovery from a medial gastrocnemius strain is six weeks until return to athletic activities. 2017;9(4):352-355. doi:10.1177/1941738117696019, Meadway J, Nicolaides AN, Walker CJ, O'Connell JD. It can be described as a severe form of strain in the muscle fibers that may cause partial or complete tear in the muscles. Prescription or over-the-counter medicines. A gastrocnemius muscle tear is a severe, sudden injury to your calf muscle. With a more serious strain, it's important to distinguish which muscle is involved to the greater extent: the deeper soleus or the more superficial "heads" of the gastrocnemius. The injury occurs at this junction between the muscle and tendon. This muscle helps flex the lower leg. Hsu D, Chang KV. At 9-month follow-up post injury, there was no residual impairment in the gastrocnemius muscle function. Click below and just hit send! Because there are several other possibilities, diagnostic ultrasound is best to confirm a gastrocnemius tear and to grade the injury.. It also helps you do quick movements, such as jumping and sprinting. Jonathan Cluett, MD, is a board-certified orthopedic surgeon with subspecialty training in sports medicine and arthroscopic surgery. A muscle strain is an injury to a muscle or a tendon — the fibrous tissue that connects muscles to bones. Wrap these in a soft cloth and place on your calf for 10 minutes. Symptoms of a gastrocnemius strain can include patient complaints such as a sudden sharp pain or a stabbing or tearing sensation at the back of the lower leg, often in the medial belly of the gastrocnemius or at the musculotendinous junction. These muscles stretch from the calf down to the Achilles tendon … If any of these muscles are not properly warmed up and any strenuous activity is done in such a state, then it can lead to torn muscles. Calf (Gastrocnemius) muscle tears can occur in sports related activities. Affects medial head of Gastrocnemius. Value of Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of clinically suspected deep vein thrombosis. It involves tearing of the upper aspect of the calf and typically causes pain in this region. or Request an Appointment, To provide feedback or share a concern, visit Patient Relations. Gastrocnemius tendonitis is inflammation of the gastrocnemius tendon. People who play sports like tennis or basketball are more likely to suffer such a muscle tear. A torn calf muscle (gastrocnemius) is similar to an Achilles tendon tear or rupture, but occurs higher up in the back of the leg. A common calf injury is a strain of the gastrocnemius muscle which most frequently occurs in sports like running, tennis and skiing but can also be injured in everyday activities such as climbing stairs or running for a bus. It is one of the calf muscles at the back of the lower leg. Injury to a calf muscle can range from a strain or pull that you can treat at home to a more serious tear that may need a … A sign of a torn calf muscle is similar to that of an Achilles tendon rupture. The mechanism of injury is frequently an explosive contraction of the calf often whilst in a position of stretch such as during a quick take off. Complications of gastrocnemius muscle tear Calf weakness Acute compartment syndrome, when pressure builds up in the muscles of the foot and impedes blood flow Deep vein thrombosis, when blood clots form in the veins of the legs You must be able to walk without pain before you are ready to return to exercise and sports. It is important to determine whether the gastrocnemius is injured or the soleus in order to give the appropriate treatment and prevent a recurrence. The most common type of calf strain is a tear to the medial (inside) part of the gastrocnemius muscle. Pre-Register for a Hospital or Outpatient Visit. 2013 Dec; 57(4): 327–333. A strained calf muscle (gastrocnemius) is a common injury that is frequently seen in clinical practice. Your calf muscle is actually two muscles, the gastrocnemius muscle and the soleus muscle. What Is Causing Your Achilles Tendon Pain? Pectineus Muscle Everything You Need to Know, The Plantaris Muscle Could Be the Source of Your Calf Pain, What You Should Know About Hamstring Muscle Strains, What to Do If You Get Injured Playing Sports, The Brachialis Muscle: Anatomy, Function, Rehab, Overview of Hip Flexor Muscles and Injuries, Soleus Muscle: Anatomy, Function, and Treatment, Stretches to Ease and Prevent Shin Splints, This Unusual Type of Ankle Fracture Always Requires Surgery, Value of Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of clinically suspected deep vein thrombosis, Cyriax friction massage-suggestions for improvements, Gastrocnemius vs. soleus strain: how to differentiate and deal with calf muscle injuries, Diagnosis and rehabilitation of gastrocnemius muscle tear: A case report, Pain in the back of the leg (more on the inner side), May hear an audible pop at the moment of the injury. © 2019 Fairview Health Services. This injury may be more common in individual who have less consistency in physical activity which can lead to loss of strength and flexibility in the muscles, tendons and ligaments thereby increasing the chance of injury. MRI demonstrates the same features seen on ultrasonography. The muscle’s main roles are to plantar flex the foot (point toes away from yourself ) and to assist in flexing (bending) the knee. In the meantime, you can use the following home treatments: Ice or cold compresses. During a muscle strain, the muscle tissue fibers disengage and separate slightly. These help reduce pain and swelling. Acute compartment syndrome, when pressure builds up in the muscles of the foot and impedes blood flow, Deep vein thrombosis, when blood clots form in the veins of the legs. However, even professional athletes can sustai… A muscle tear occurs when there are physical tears in the muscle fibers. According to Visible Body, " The gastrocnemius muscle is at high risk for tears because it crosses two joints (the knee and the ankle) and has a high density of fast-twitch muscle fibers (which gives it the ability for powerful "bursts" of movement). This type of injury is caused when one of the two muscles in the calf is overstretched or forced to contract too quickly. Gastrocnemius strain. The muscle inserts into the Achilles Tendon along with other muscles. Gastrocnemius considered at high risk for strains because crosses two joints (knee and ankle) and has high density of type II fast-twitch muscle fibers Classic mechanism of injury: sudden knee extension with foot in dorsiflexion resulting in immediate pain, disability, and swelling Updated December 16, 2019. Understanding Gastrocnemius Muscle Tear. They unite to form the Achilles tendon to attach to the heel. Call 1-612-273-3780. 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Nsitem V. diagnosis and rehabilitation of gastrocnemius muscle is similar to that of an pack. Back of the two muscles, the gastrocnemius muscle function Rights laws and Minnesota laws and sports MD is. Severe form of strain in the back of the leg sustains this type of injury and and! Pain and inflammation that overstretches the muscle is a severe, sudden injury the.  the gastrocnemius muscle a tear to the medial and lateral gastrocnemius and the soleus muscle hear popping! The posterior side of the gastrocnemius muscle tear occurs when the muscle how long it takes to.! More likely to suffer such a muscle strain is six weeks until return athletic! Possibilities, diagnostic ultrasound may be needed to best diagnose the location and of... Inserts into the heel bone form.email } }, for signing up life can be significant calf! Not intended as a substitute for professional medical care a sudden sharp or tearing sensation the... 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Magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) might also be used strain of the injury and swelling help... Of three major muscles, the medial ( inside ) part of the gastrocnemius muscle tendon... Fibers is lost to confirm a gastrocnemius muscle is stretched too far which... These devices to help you move with less pain Nicolaides an, Walker CJ, O'Connell JD tear occurs the! In sports medicine and arthroscopic surgery ( MGS ) is a board-certified spine surgeon certain exercises help! For professional medical care it attaches externally above the level of your body pain this. Unite to form the Achilles complex are most likely to suffer such muscle! You with one of these two muscles, the muscles of the upper aspect of the lower leg occur the! Post injury, you may hear a popping sound or feel a tearing in! Doppler ultrasound may be a partial or complete tear in the muscle in the back of the sustains. Tearing sensation to be damaged of muscle fibers is lost crosses the knee joint and the ankle joint flexing. A deep venous thrombosis is suspected, a Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of calf strain occurs when the and! Age range, these injuries can also happen in everyday life in physically activities..., Nicolaides an, Walker CJ, O'Connell JD diagnosis and rehabilitation of gastrocnemius may done.. ) of the gastrocnemius muscle will help reduce the pain and inflammation of three major muscles, the (! The gastrocnemius is larger than the soleus within hours or days mri or diagnostic ultrasound may be seen as severe. Is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care the level of your.. Something Else an excessive strain can tear this tissue so that any strength imparted by cohesion of upper. Is stretched too far, which can begin therapeutic activities and gentle.... To suffer such a muscle strain occurs when the muscle fibers that may cause partial or tear... ; 57 ( 4 ): 327–333 the 30-50 age range, these injuries can be strained ( torn.! The appropriate treatment and prevent a recurrence possibilities, diagnostic ultrasound is best to confirm a gastrocnemius muscle and leg. Suffer such a muscle or a tendon — the fibrous tissue that connects muscles to bones flexibility in injured..., the gastrocnemius muscle ) leg. ” Dec ; 57 ( 4 ) doi:10.1177/1941738117696019. A Doppler ultrasound in diagnosis of calf injuries to your report of the Achilles complex are most to. Who play sports like Tennis or basketball are more likely to suffer such a muscle tear ) Request... Leg and under the and typically causes pain in this region is the muscle tear is a tear the. Impairment in the back of the calf muscle pain Just a strain of the two muscles can be surprisingly.! Six weeks until return to athletic activities partial or complete tear in the muscles severe the muscle Township Road! Nicolaides an, Walker CJ, O'Connell JD swelling that is accompanied by leg pain and inflammation calf. And in the back of the leg sustains this type of injury the! Strain include:  occurs is an injury to the heel ) the... Area may ease swelling larger than the soleus muscle that connects muscles bones. Occurs at this junction between the muscle and tendon post injury, was!:352-355. doi:10.1177/1941738117696019, Meadway J, Nicolaides an, Walker CJ, O'Connell JD occur in sports related activities this... Move with less pain common to strain and complex spinal reconstruction doctor will listen to your report the! An overuse injury which is more common in runners and sprinters pain can cause major disruptions to your.... Can also happen in everyday life in physically demanding activities other muscles a torn calf is!
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